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Wednesday, May 11, 2011

Odysseus' Success: Should Athena Get All of the Credit?

In the Odyssey, Odysseus eventually is successful in finding his home to Ithaca. But should Athena get complete credit for leading him there? To start, in Book Five, Athena said to Zues, "

Father Zues- you other happy gods who never die- never let any sceptered king be kind and gentle now, not with all his heart, or set his mind on justice- no, let him be cruel and always practice outrage. Think: not one of the people whom he ruled remembers Odysseus now, that godlike man, and kindly as a father to his children. Now he's left to pine on an island, racked with grief in the nymph Calypso's house- she holds him there by force. He has no way to voyage home to his won native land, no trim ships in reach, no crew to ply the oars and send him scudding over the sea's broad back. And now his dear son... they plot to kill the boy on his way back home. Yes, he has sailed off for news of his father, to holy Pylos first, then out to the sunny hills of Lacedaemon." (pg 152-153).

In this speech that Athena is making to Zues and the other gods on Olympus, she is arguing for help from the gods to free Odysseus from Calypso's control. She is doing this because she favors the family of Odysseus and Telemachus, and she believes that she can help them. At this point in the story, she is the one to give credit to for Odysseus eventually being sent home, because it was her idea in the first place. Athena has also disguised herself throughout the Epic, giving Odysseus guidance. When Odysseus is first arrives to the land of the Phaecians, Athena first, puts a mist around Odysseus, which would shield him from people to get him off track from his journey. Then, Athena disguised herself as a boy, helping Odysseus find the palace of king Alcinous, the one who would end up sending Odysseus back home. Without Athena's help at this point in the story, Odysseus would have never made it home to Ithaca. Although Athena has helped Odysseus in his personal journey home, she has not helped him, as much, in his war and battle success. In the Epic, Odysseus has had tremendous success in a vast amount of battles and war, giving him credit. Odysseus single handedly blinded a cyclops, saving some of his crew members, unfortunately not all of them. Odysseus had also had great success in the Trojan war, along with his battle tactics of saving his different crews in difficult situations. I think that Athena is to get the credit for guiding Odysseus home, but Odysseus gets all of the credit for his battle and war successes.

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